HAEMOPHILUS INFECTION

 

    Haemophilus is a gram-negative rod that is tiny and non-motile. Inhaled droplets or direct touch with contaminated secretions can spread the disease. The flora of the human respiratory system and mouth cavity in its natural state. They are gram-negative aerobic bacteria with a polysaccharide capsule. Polysaccharide capsules come in six different serotypes (a-f). Type b bacteria are responsible for 95% of invasive illnesses (Hib).

     They are non-motile, non-sporing, gramme negative rod or coccobacillus, and Pleomorphic in size (1-2 X 0.3 – 0.5 microns) (old culture). Infected sputum has clusters of Coccobacillary forms, while infected CSF has long bacillary and filamentous forms (Meningitis).

     Carbol fuchsin (5-15 minutes) or Loeffler's methylene blue can be used to stain them. They have a lot of strain that has been capsulated. India ink wet films and Quelling reaction discolour the capsule. CSF, blood, a throat swab, sputum, and pus aspirates from the joints of the Middle Ear Sinuses can all be used to obtain samples. On Blood agar and Chocolate agar, it can be cultivated. Carbon dioxide levels of 5–10% are required. At 370 degrees Celsius, a stripe of Staphylococcus should be streaked across the plate.

    As Satellitisim, opaque colonies appear. On Leviathan media, Iridescence is demonstrated. After 24 hours on Chocolate agar, flat, grayish-brown colonies with a diameter of 1-2 mm appeared. Staphylococci colonies on sheep The release of NAD by blood agar results in the satellite growth phenomena.

WHAT IS SATELLITE GROWTH?

      When Staph aureus is  streaked across plate  of Blood agar with a  species containing H  Influenza the colonies  which are large  develop along the  streak of  Staphylococcus and  small further away giving a satellite like pattern.

WHAT IS HEAMOPHILUS INFECTION?

       Hib is a bacterial infection that in young children can cause a potentially fatal brain infection. Hib can cause meningitis (inflammation of the brain and spinal column's coverings), bloodstream infections, pneumonia, arthritis, and infections in other regions of the body. Haemophilus influenzae is a bacteria that can be found in both children and adults' noses and throats. Some people carry the bacteria but do not become ill as a result of it.

CAUSES:

       Through respiratory droplets, people transfer H. influenzae, including Hib, to others. When someone with the germs in their nose or throat coughs or sneezes, this happens. Even if they aren't sick, people with the bacteria in their noses and throats can spread it.

IS IT SAME AS FLU?

       Hib does not cause influenza, despite its name (the flu). The flu is caused by a virus, not bacteria.

 TREATMENT:

      The pillars of treatment for Haemophilus influenza infections are antibiotics and supportive care. Until antibiotic sensitivities are known, invasive and severe H influenzae type b (Hib) infections are best treated with an intravenous third-generation cephalosporin.

       The first dose of Hib vaccine is normally given to infants at the age of two months, and the series is usually completed at the age of 12–15 months. Children aged 12 months to 5 years who have not been fully vaccinated against Hib may require one or more doses of the vaccine.

IS HAEMOPHILUS STD?

       Chancroid is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by Haemophilus ducreyi infection. It is characterised by painful necrotizing vaginal ulcers that may be accompanied by lymphadenopathy in the inguinal region. It's a condition that's very contagious but treatable.

updated:31/1/2022