Inside RSV: How This Virus Attacks Your Lungs

 

The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the causative agent for RSV infection.RSV belongs to the family of enveloped Paramyxovirus RNA viruses. The virus that causes measles is distantly related to it. There are two subgroups of RSV virus strains, A and B.

 It specifically targets the bronchioles, which are tiny airways in your lungs. One of the most typical reasons for pediatric illness is RSV. The virus typically infects youngsters by the age of two.  Can also infect adults. 

RSV is a seasonal illness like the influenza virus, which causes the flu. In most areas, the virus causes most infections in the late fall through early spring.

Spread:

RSV is transferred by close contact with an infected person. The virus spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes, and it can enter your body through your eyes, nose, or mouth. RSV can survive on hard surfaces like doorknobs and counters. RSV can infect you if you contact with something that the virus has touched and then touch your face or lips. 

RSV spreads quickly. In the first few days or weeks after the onset of symptoms, the sickness is easiest to spread. Some infants and others with low immune systems may continue to be contagious up to four weeks after the onset of their symptoms.

Symptoms:

RSV symptoms might take two to eight days to manifest once the virus has entered your body. They might not always appear all at once. RSV's primary signs and symptoms include:

• Coughing.
• Runny nose.
• Sneezing.
• Wheezing.
• Fever.

RSV symptoms can differ depending on the age group.

Diagnosis:

 A healthcare professional will make an RSV diagnosis after looking over your medical history and knowing more about your symptoms. The virus can be found with a swab test. To check for infection-related symptoms (such as an abnormal white blood cell count), they may also draw blood.

 If your doctor suspects a more serious illness, additional blood or urine tests may be requested, as well as imaging exams (X-rays, CT scans).

Treatment:

Mild RSV symptoms resemble those of the common cold and don't need medical attention. Usually, RSV clears up on its own after one to two weeks.

At-home remedies for mild RSV that could make you feel better include:

• Using over-the-counter (OTC) drugs to relieve fever or pain, such as acetaminophen (TYLENOL®) or ibuprofen (Advil®). Never give aspirin to your child for a fever. Before using any over-the-counter cold remedies, especially ones you intend to give a child, see your doctor to ensure their safety.
• Maintaining hydration with drinks while eating frequently, even if you don't feel like eating.
• Not vaping or using tobacco products.
• If your doctor advises it, use a cold mist vaporizer to relieve dry breathing passages.
• Saline nasal drops can be used to break up nasal mucus.
• Using a tissue to blow your nose can help keep your airways clear or gently suctioning any excess mucus from your baby's nose.
• Getting lots of sleep

RSV and other viral illnesses cannot be treated with antibiotics.  Your doctor may recommend antibiotics if tests reveal that you have bacterial pneumonia or another infection. 

Palivizumab is a medication that has been licensed for use in preventing severe RSV in newborns and kids who are at high risk for problems. The medicine does not treat RSV. Children who already have RSV are not treated with it. RSV can still infect your child, but this medication can shield them from the virus's more serious diseases.

Prevention:

• Covering your cough. Use a tissue or cough into the material of your shirt instead of using your hands.
• Wash your hands with soap and water regularly.
• Avoid being near individuals, especially those who are sick with the illness.
• Clean and sanitize toys, items, and areas that are frequently touched.
• Try to minimize your child's time in large social situations during the RSV season if they are at a high risk of acquiring severe RSV.