ANTIMICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANT DISEASES:

As medicines become less efficient, a growing range of infections, such as pneumonia, TB, gonorrhea, and salmonellosis, are becoming more difficult to cure. Antibiotic resistance leads to increased mortality, longer hospital stays, and higher medical expenses.

Here's a rundown of the most common antimicrobial drug-resistant bacteria:

MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS:

The tuberculosis-causing bacteria (TB)

TB is a bacterial infection that causes severe airborne sickness. TB is most commonly associated with the lungs, although it can also affect other body organs. Depending on the type of illness, it is normally treated with a multi-drug regimen that lasts anywhere from six months to two years. TB is usually curable. Some germs, however, are developing resistance to the two most powerful TB medications. This is known as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) (MDR TB).

C. difficile: (Clostridium difficile)

C. difficile is a pathogen that infects patients' intestines after they've been treated with antibiotics. C. difficile colonization is usually prevented and C. difficile-associated illness is suppressed by the communities of bacteria that exist regularly in the gut. Antibiotic treatment can alter the microbiota, allowing C. difficile, a bacteria that is inherently resistant to many antibiotics, to thrive and induce colon inflammation. In the United States, C. difficile causes mild to severe diarrhea and is a common healthcare-associated infection. Every year, nearly half a million people get infected, with 15,000 people dying.

VRE: (Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci)

Enterococci are bacteria that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract and the female vaginal tract. People who are in hospitals or other healthcare institutions are more likely to get VRE infections. They are also common in patients who are at risk of infection due to various medical issues or the presence of certain catheters or other devices. The antibiotic vancomycin is routinely used to treat Enterococcal infections, however, VRE strains have developed resistance to it.

NEISSERIA GONORROHEA:

The gonorrhea-causing bacteria

Gonorrhea is the second most commonly reported sexually transmitted infection in the United States. If left untreated, it can lead to serious reproductive issues, and it disproportionately affects sexual, racial, and ethnic minorities. In order to control gonorrhea, infected people and their sex partners must be identified and treated as soon as possible. The CDC recently changed its treatment guidelines to slow the emergence of drug resistance as some medications become less effective in treating gonorrhea. Gonorrhea is a worldwide issue. The spread of resistance could be slowed if individuals and their partners are quickly identified and treated.

MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)

MRSA, or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, has progressed from a manageable annoyance to a major public health threat over the last four decades. One of the most prevalent illnesses acquired in hospitals is MRSA. However, viruses that might cause serious illnesses are increasingly circulating in the community.

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE:

The bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae causes a variety of ailments, including pneumonia, which is a lung infection. Meningitis, an infection of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, can also be caused by these bacteria. Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause bacteremia, which is a bloodstream infection. Coughing, sneezing, and close contact with an infected individual are all ways for this type of bacterium to spread.

CRE (Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae):

Klebsiella and Escherichia coli belongs to the CRE family of bacteria, which is known for its strong resistance (E. coli). CRE is most common in hospitalized patients and those with weakened immune systems. Medical devices such as ventilators or catheters might allow bacteria to enter the body. Most existing antibiotics are ineffective against some CRE infections, which can be fatal.