COVID-19 is a newly discovered virus that is spreading from person to person. Corona virus is a zoonotic virus that causes severe respiratory illnesses in humans. Illnesses that can be transmitted from animals to people are known as zoonotic diseases. Many corona viruses exist in animals, but they have not yet infected humans.

        COVID-19 is the newest strain to infect people. Some human-made viruses cause respiratory infections ranging from the common cold to severe diseases such as MERS (middle east respiratory syndrome) and SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome).

        SARS-COV-2 is an enclosed, non-segmented, positive-sense RNA virus with a beta corona virus. Corona is divided into four genera: ALPHA, BETA, GAMMA, and DELTA. Alpha and beta viruses can infect mammals, whereas gamma and delta viruses primarily infect birds..

         Corona virus is a member of the coronaviridae family. The name comes from the Latin word "corona," which means "crown." It was discovered for the first time on December 31. COVID-19 (corona virus illness 2019) is communicated from an infected person to a healthy person through coughing or sneezing. After infection, symptoms develop 2 to 14 days later. Fever, shortness of breath, and cough may have developed in some people. Pneumonia and multi-organ failure are possible outcomes. The rate of mobility is roughly 2%. Its spread can be halted by using sanitary measures.

 Corona virus is a plus stranded RNA virus with a big envelope. The ribonucleoprotein (RNP) core of the virion is made up of the biggest genomic RNA of all RNA viruses in conjunction with the nucleocapsid (N) protein.

        The word corona comes from the Latin word "CORONA," which means "CROWN," and was initially used to describe its look as seen through electron microscopy. SPIKES are cup-shaped proteins that cover the body. Corona virus is a big spherical particle with surface projections measuring roughly 120 nm in diameter. In electron micrographs, the viral envelope appears as an unique pair of electron dense shells. A nucleocapsid, which is made up of numerous nucleocapsid proteins, is found inside the envelope. Inside the host cell, the nucleocapsid protects the virus.  

        The lipid with membrane, envelope, and spike protein make up the viral envelope. Structural protein, also known as attached protein, is a subtype of corona virus that has a shorter spike-like surface protein. It is found in members of the BETA CORONA VIRUS subgroup A. When expressed by the virus or alone, the viral surface protein can be detected in downstream compartments of the secretory pathway: M proteins are mostly found in the GOLGI APPRATUS. M protein can also interact with the genomic packing signal-carrying RNA. It's a three-transmembrane domain protein that's hypothesised to give the virion its form.

Corona virus genes are roughly 27 to 34 kilobases in length. Among RNA viruses, this gene has the highest size. 5' UTR, transcriptase spike envelope, membrane, nucleocapsid, and 3'UTR are all present in the genome. Transcriptase is a protein that helps non-structural proteins develop.